Different antennas are required to support multiband systems. The antenna is a crucial component of a communication system, and it is the device that transfers electromagnetic wave into free space in transmitting modes and vice versa. Portable antenna technology has grown, along with cellular and mobile technologies.
These wireless applications require efficient small size antennas.
The important standards in mobile communication are GPS, Wi-MAX, and WLAN. The need for mobile communication systems has risen dramatically in the last decade, and it continues to rise.
The results indicate that the proposed planar patch antenna can be utilized for mobile applications such as digital communication systems (DCS), worldwide interoperability for microwave access (WiMAX), and wireless local area networks (WLAN). At 1.8, 3.5, and 5.4 GHz, the simulated peak realized gains of 2.34, 5.2, and 1.42 dB are obtained and compared to the experimental peak realized gains of 2.22, 5.18, and 1.38 dB at same frequencies. The proposed antenna has an elliptically shaped radiation pattern at 1.8 and 3.5 GHz, while the broadside directional pattern is obtained at the 5.4 GHz frequency band. Thereby, we obtained a good agreement between simulation and measurement results. It contains three RLC (resistor–inductor–capacitor) circuits for generating three frequency bands for the proposed antenna. The equivalent circuit model is also designed to validate the reflection coefficient of the proposed antenna with the S 11 obtained from the circuit model. The proposed planar patch is printed on a low-cost FR-4 substrate that is 1.6 mm in thickness. A planar microstrip patch antenna (MPA) consists of two F-shaped resonators that enable operations at 1.8 and 3.5 GHz while operation at 5.4 GHz is achieved when the patch is truncated from the middle. In this paper, we propose a planar patch antenna for mobile communication applications operating at 1.8, 3.5, and 5.4 GHz. Antennas in wireless sensor networks (WSNs) are characterized by the enhanced capacity of the network, longer range of transmission, better spatial reuse, and lower interference.
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